En el panel de cierre del evento de CASETEL, de izquierda a derecha, Ing. José Leonardo Ramírez, Gerente de Producto Líder de Cirion Technologies; Ing. Luis Emilio Suberviola, Director de Krill Energy; Lic. Eduardo Caballero Ardila, Presidente del Grupo Mediax, y Lic. Inés Sandra Machado, Directora de Asuntos Corporativos y Fundación Telefónica Movistar.
Coincidiendo con la celebración de su cuadragésimo quinto aniverario, La Cámara de Empresas de Servicios de Telecomunicaciones (CASETEL) realizó el pasado 16 de octubre el foro “Desafío Digital: conectividad global y cierre de brechas”.
Las palabras de apertura del foro estuvieron a cargo de Juan Andrés Krumins, quien asumió este mes la presidencia de CASETEL. El ejecutivo destacó el crecimiento del sector en los últimos cuatro años, y afirmó que aún hay espacio la expansión de este. Krumis señaló que un objetivo importante de su gestión es incorporar nuevas empresas a la cámara como asociadas y actuar como interlocutor entre estas y CONATEL.
CASETEL quiere consolidarse como el intermediario entre sus empresas asociadas y CONATEL, afirma Juan Andrés Krumis.
Menos del 20% de las empresas de servicios de Telecom están en CASETEL, según datos suministrados por Krumis. Afirmó que de unos 300 proveedores de servicios de Internet en el país, la cámara cuenta con una cuarentena de asociados.
La fibra invade los hogares
Por su parte, Carlo Baptista, CEO de Inter, presentó la ponencia Panorama actual de la infraestructura de telecomunicaciones de Venezuela. Baptista aseveró que de los 5 millones de hogares que hay en Venezuela, hay cobertura en más de 3 millones de estos, que están cableados con FTTH, o fibra óptica hasta el hogar. Añade Baptista, que hay un total de 1,5 millones de hogares con servicio activo de FTTH.
El mercado aun por conquistar en zonas urbanas para la fibra óptica es de entre 200 mil y medio millón de hogares, señala Baptista. Pero el reto mayor está en las denominadas zonas oscuras, o zonas de difícil acceso o de baja densidad poblacional.
Los retos de las zonas de díficil acceso son tecnológicos y relacionados con la arquitectura de la red.
Otro dato interesante suministrado por el CEO de Inter como un reto a las infraestructuras es que el consumo promedio de ancho de banda por usuario crece a un ritmo orgánico cercano al 50% interanual. Este auge, asegura Baptista, se manifiesta sin un crecimiento de la base de usuarios. El incremento ocurre debido a la aparición constante de nuevas aplicaciones y al aumento en la resolución de video, pues ya es común disponer en PCs y móviles de resoluciones de 4K y superiores.
La obsolesencia de los dispositivos en el hogar, por otra parte, constituye otro desafío pues limita los beneficios que los usuarios pueden extraer de los aumentos de ancho de banda. La base instalada de enrutadores, modems y otros equipos Wi Fi está desaprovechando las velocidades que los diferentes proveedores de Internet ofrecen a los hogares. Si en la actualidad son comunes las ofertas de planes de 100 Mb/s hasta de 1 GB/s, resulta absurdo que se sigan usando en muchos hogares los modems y routers adquiridos hace años, cuando los planes eran 1 Mb/s y 10 Mb/s
El marco regulatorio es crítico para las TICs
De acuerdo a la economista y consultora Litsay Guerrero, es muy relevante un adecuado marco regulatorio que asegure a los individuos el respaldo de sus derechos. «El marco legal regulatorio establece las reglas del juego, siendo además parte de los instrumentos de políticas públicas. Cuando el marco regulatorio dificulta la inversión, incide en el desarrollo dee los negocios, inhiben la competencia, sobrecargan a las empresas en su interacción con la burogracia gubernamental, y por tanto deben revisarse», señaló Guerrero..
De acuerdo con un estudio del BID en 2022, la calidad y el peso de una regulación pueden afectar el crecimiento de una economía en alrededor del 3% al año, dijo la economista. Se refirió también a la evolución del aporte a PIB del sector de las TICs, que si bien veníe en decrecimiento desde mediados de 2022 retomó el auge y alcanzó cifras porcentuales de doble dígito en 2023. Si bien el PIB del sector había decaído moderadamente desde entonces, registró un auge en 2024 hasta llegarun 7%. Cifras gubernamentales recientes sitúan el PIB de las TICs en 7,3% para el primer semestre de 2025.
La Transformación Digital
En el panel que cerró el evento, sobre Transformación digital: hacia un nuevo modelo operativo, el ingeniero Luis Emilio Suberviola, director de Krill Energy, abordó las tendencias regionales y globales en los campos de la energía y la sostenibilidad, y cómo estas se vinculan con el sector de las telecomunicaciones. Su intervención se centró en cómo la sostenibilidad y las nuevas tendencias energéticas son un componente clave en el desarrollo y la modernización del sector de telecomunicaciones en la región.
Inés Sandra Machado, Directora de Asuntos Corporativos y Fundación Telefónica Movistar, en su ponencia Reduciendo brechas, ampliando oportunidades, destacó que a medida que se van cerrando brechas en conectividad, cobertura y uso de las herramientas digitales, aumentan las oportunidades para los diferentes segmentos de la población.
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| La cifra de conectados en América Latina se acerca al medio millón, dijo Inés Sandra Machado, Directora de Asuntos Corporativos de Movistar. |
En los últimos nueve años, el porcentaje de la población conectada de América Latina pasó de 35% a casi 65%, un total de 420 millones de personas con conexión a Internet. En 2015, la mitad de la población de la región que vivía en zonas con cobertura móvil estaban desconectada, mientras que para fines de 2024 ese porcentaje se había reducido a un 32%, señaló Machado.
El ingeniero José Leonardo Ramírez de Cirion, afirmó que la adaptación de las empresas a la transformación digital es imprescindible para su supervivencia. El incremento notable de páginas web y apps dirigidas a facilitar la vida de los usuarios es una muestra de esa transformación. Esto genera exigencias en poder de cómputo para gerenciar esas nuevas herramientas digitales, especialmente cuando se incorporan capacidades de intelugencia artificial, dice Ramírez.
Por su parte, Eduardo Caballero Ardila destacó que a pesar del uso intensivo de las herramientas digitales en Venezuela, especialmente por parte de los más jóvenes, no hay una educación adecuada que promueva un el mejor aprovechamiento de éstas. Caballero Ardila dio datos interesantes del uso de las redes sociales. El 100% de los menores de 34 años usan las redes sociales en Venezuela y para el resto de las edades el promedio es de 95,8%. Las regiones del país que muestran un uso por encima de este promedio son Centro-Occidente con 97,6% y la región central con 97,7%.
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